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Three-torus model of the universe
The three-torus model of the universe, or informally doughnut theory of the universe, is a proposed model describing the shape of the universe as a three-dimensional torus. The name comes from the shape of a doughnut, whose surface has the topology of a two-dimensional torus.
== Supporting evidence ==
Alexi Starobinski and Yakov B. Zeldovich proposed the model in 1984 from the Landau Institute in Moscow; however, the basis for his theory began much earlier than 1984.〔Overbeye, Dennis. ''New York Times'' 11 March 2003: Web. 16 January 2011. (“Universe as Doughnut: New Data, New Debate” )〕 The foundation for any knowledge of the shape of the universe began in the mid-1960s with the discovery of cosmic microwave background (CMB) by Bell Labs. Greater understanding of the universe's CMB provided greater understanding of the universe's topology; therefore, in a quest for cosmic understanding, NASA supported two explorer satellites, the Cosmic Background Explorer (COBE) in 1989 and the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) in 2001, which have gathered more information on CMB.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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